Lesson 4: Meet Ubuntu Desktop II

Unity

Unity is a graphical shell for the GNOME desktop environment developed by Canonical Ltd. for its Ubuntu operating system. Unity debuted in the netbook edition of Ubuntu 10.10. It was initially designed to make more efficient use of space given the limited screen size of netbooks, including, for example, a vertical application switcher called the launcher, and a space-saving horizontal multipurpose top menu bar.

Launcher

 

 

Dash

Dash helps in the search and quickly find applications and files located on your computer, if you have used Windows before, you'll notice that Dash looks like a list of the "Start" (Windows logo in the taskbar), the same way the Dash can be opened by the Ubuntu logo present on the sidebar (launcher); and allows you to search or view: installed applications, another open folders, tags, and search for different files of audio, video, and document types, monitor social accounts, search the Web, and other advantages, etc ...), in addition to display applications and files the Dash considered a strong research advantage, as it can quickly search for files, once you start typing.

Shortcuts

 

WorkSpaces

 The workspaces are a virtual desktops, which allows you to use multiple desktops separate from each other in order to facilitate the work, or to use a range of applications and open files in a particular workspace, (for example: I want to open in first workspace program Firefox and Skype, and in the second workspace I want to open a range of different files, and in the third workspace I want to open LibreOffice and photo editor, and so on ..., they shall be separated from each other as if each one is an independent space alone, and this would facilitate the work and organize your desktop, which is also suitable in the event of full desktop programs open) and files.The work space is disabled by default, so you should do activate it by following the following way:Go to the System Settings and then to the appearance Appearance then to  Behavior tab and then Enable Workspaces.

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Lesson 3: Meet Ubuntu Desktop I

 My History With Ubuntu!

I'm not a huge fan of Windows. I highly recommend using ubuntu at least once. Every 6 months a new version of Ubuntu Operating system is released , and as of APRIL 2016, a total of 24 stable releases Will Be delivered. Each release also has a specific code name which are made using an adjective and an animal with the same first letter (e.g. Hardy Heron, Wily Werewolf). I will do a brief overview of each one of them below. A walk back through My history With Ubuntu. 

Ubuntu 4.10 (Warty Warthog)

Ubuntu 5.04 (Hoary Hedgehog)

Ubuntu 5.10 (Breezy Badger)

Ubuntu 6.06 LTS (Dapper Drake)

  Ubuntu 6.10 (Edgy Eft)

 Ubuntu 7.04 (Feisty Fawn)

 Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy Gibbon)

 Ubuntu 8.04 LTS (Hardy Heron)

 Ubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex)

Ubuntu 9.04 (Jaunty Jackalope)

 Ubuntu 9.10 (Karmic Koala)

 Ubuntu 10.04 LTS (Lucid Lynx)

Ubuntu 10.10 (Maverick Meerkat)

 
Ubuntu 11.04 (Natty Narwhal)

 Ubuntu 11.10 (Oneiric Ocelot)

Ubuntu 12.04 LTS (Precise Pangolin)

 Ubuntu 12.10 (Quanty Quetzal)

 Ubuntu 13.04 (Raring Ringtail)

 Ubuntu 13.10 (Saucy Salamander)

 Ubuntu 14.04 LTS (Trusty Tahr)

 Ubuntu 14.10 (Utopic Unicorn)

 Ubuntu 15.04 (Vivid Vervet)

 Ubuntu 15.10 (Wily Werewolf)

 Ubuntu 16.04 LTS "Xenial Xerus"

 

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Lesson 2: A Comprehensive guide to install Ubuntu

A Comprehensive guide to install Ubuntu

Get Ubuntu

To download a copy of the Ubuntu system, turn to the official website: ubuntu.com then click on Download above, and select the version you want (we recommend you choose which version to be beside the word LTS Long Term Support), the latest version LTS yet of Ubuntu is 14.04 supported until 2019 - ubuntu 15.10 will be supported for 9 months only; you can see the scale versions of Ubuntu through the official wiki through this link: wiki.ubuntu.com/releases

** If the page that prompts you to donate emerged, you can donate or just ignore it and press Not now, take me to the download> Below:

System Requirements- The following are the minimum requirements to run Ubuntu system on your computer:

    1 GHz CPU processor (Pentium 4 at least).
    Random access memory RAM and 1 GB Estimator at least.
    Free space of the hard drive HardDisk by at least 5 GB.
    Screen card supports 1024 × 768 display resolution, at least.
    Sound card.
    Internet connection (recommended).64-bit or 32-bit?Most modern computers support the architecture 64-bit, and of course the 64 bit version better than the 32-bit on many things, including the speed and performance, but if your computer old or weak. you have to download a copy of the 32-bit so that your computer processor (CPU) power on the run.

Burn Ubuntu on DVD or USBTo be able to installing Ubuntu system on your computer, you must burn (copy) on a DVD blank disk, or even a key \ memory stick USB (Note that the USB key must be a capacity of 2 GB, at least so you can burn system on it), we will address both methods, choose any way you want:

    Burn Ubuntu on a blank DVD:
    If you are using Windows 7 / Windows 8 / Windows 10, the operating system follow the following way:- Insert a blank DVD into your computer's drive.- Press the right mouse-right (Right-Click), a copy of Ubuntu that you downloaded, and then click on the "Burn Disc image" or "Burn disc image", also shows the following picture:

 Done

Burn Ubuntu key \ USB memory stick
- We can burn  Ubuntu operating system on memory stick using two different two Unetbootin and Universal USB Installer.

1. For software Universal USB Installer:

- Download From here.

- Open the program and then press Next, and then you will see the following window, choose Ubuntu as you see the picture:

 - Now click on the word Browse, and select the Ubuntu file you downloaded:

- Click Create to start the burning process, and wait a few minutes until the end ... .. Done!

For Unetbootin:

- Download from here.

- Then follow what you see in the following image:

Figure 1: Select Diskimage.
Figure 2: Press to select Ubuntu file that you downloaded.
Figure 3: Select the USB key connected to your computer.
Figure 4: Click OK to start the burning process and wait a few minutes until it ends.

 Boot from the DVD or the USB

After the burn, restart the computer, now we'll need to boot from either the DVD or the USB disk, through the BIOS (the BIOS is the thing that you see in front of you right at the first glance you turn on the computer).- When a computer to take off immediately, press quickly and repeatedly on the F12 button (* important note: It may not necessarily be the F12, it may be F8 or F10 or other ... and that depending on the type and model of your computer, if you don't know what is the right button for your computer, try our other all the buttons from F1 until F12 to succeed).

- Then will you have a list, some choices, if the system were burned on DVD select the CD / DVD , but if the system were burned on a USB memory stick select option USB memory stick or The Hard Disk (The Hard Disk is the USB. sometimes USB within the classification of  Hard Disk in some models of devices).

- Now it will boot the system and access to the desktop interface.

Installing Ubuntu 

ubuntu will show you the following window, note that the Try Ubuntu option means "experience before installation", you can Try Ubuntu system experience from Live DVD without having to install it (and this is one of the advantages of Linux) system, while the other option Install Ubuntu is meant to install in a real and virtual system on your computer.

 

 

 
After the installation is finished, press the Restart 

 

Done!

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